home Bartho Kriek

Met dank aan Erik Brommijer

VULKANOLOGIE

aa                                                     aa(-basalt) (Hawaiiaans woord voor een bepaald type lavastroom met een erg ruw oppervlak)

aa-flow                                               aa-stroom

aa lava                                               aa-lava

aa-lava flow                                        aa-lavastroom

aa-surface                                          aa-oppervlak (?)

abortive volcano                                  vulkaanembryo

abrasion                                             abrasie

abrasion surface                                 abrasievlak

abyssal                                              abyssisch/abyssaal/diepzee...; plutonisch

abyssal phase                                    abyssische fase

accessory                                          accessorisch

accessory ejecta                                accessorische pyroclastica

accessory (or cognate) pyroclastic ejecta           accessorische pyroclastica

accidental (pyroclastic) ejecta              allogene uitwerpselen (?); niet-juveniele uitwerpselen (?)(zelfde als lithoclasts ?)

accretion                                            aangroei/aanwas

accretionary lapilli                               schalenkogel; modderkogel; sferoliet

accretionary lava ball                           aangegroeide lavabal

accretionary prism                              ??? (ivm tektoniek)

accretionary structure                         ??? (p. 100)

accumulation                                      ??? (i.v.m. lavastroom ?)

accumulation of magma                      magma-ophoping (?) (p. 90)

acid fumarole                                      zure fumarole

acid lake                                            ???

acid rain                                             zuurregen (?) (veroorzaakt door vulkanische gassen)

acidic                                                zuur; zuurvormend (van oxide)

acid solfatara                                      zure solfatere

active                                                 actief/werkend

active crater                                       actieve/werkende krater

active dome                                        actieve dome/lavaprop  (koepel ?)

active lava lake                                   actief lavameer

active volcano                                     actieve/werkende/werkzame vulkaan (een vulkaan die tot uitbarsting kan komen)

activity                                               activiteit/werking

actualism                                           actualisme

actuogeology                                      actuogeologie

adjacent rock                                     nevengesteente

adventive cone                                    adventiefkegel/parasitische kegel

adventive crater                                   nevenkrater/adventiefkrater/parasitaire krater

aeolian                                               eolisch (met of door de wind (gevormd))

aerosol                                              de aërosol (deeltjes die verspreid worden onder een gasachtige gedaante) (meervoud  aërosols)

aerosol layer                                      aërosollaag

Africa Plate                                        de Afrikaanse plaat

after-phase                                         slotfase/nawerking (van uitbarsting)

aftershock                                          naschok

agate                                                 agaat

agglomerate                                       agglomeraat (gesteente met vulkanische deeltjes)

agglomerate lava                                 agglomeraatlava

agglutinate                                         ??? ("a pyroclastic deposit")

agitation                                             ??? (b.v. van water) (zie p. 102)

airfall                                                 asregen

air pocket                                           luchtholte (?) (in gesteente)

air volcano                                          moddervulkaan/slikvulkaan

air wave                                             luchtgolf

aligned cones                                     ??? (m.b.t. sintelkegels)

aligned crater                                     ???

alive (van vulkaan)                               actief

alkali basalt                                        alkalibasalt

alkalic                                                alkalisch

alkalic dome                                       ???

alkalic fumarole                                  alkalische fumarole/salmiakfumarole

alkali fel(d)spar                                   kaliveldspaat

alkali-granitic                                      alkali-granitisch (b.v. alkali-granitisch magma)

alloclastic                                          ??? (ook alloclast (zelfst. nw) ?)

allothigenous ejecta                            allogene uitwerpselen (?); niet-juveniele uitwerpselen (?)

alluvium                                             alluvium/alluviale grond

almond-shaped bomb                          spindelvormige bom

alpine ...                                            alpien ...

Alpine Arc                                          de Alpenboog (hoofdletter ?)

alpine folded mountain                         alpien plooiingsgebergte

aluminium                                          aluminium

aluminium oxide                                 aluminiumoxide

aluminium silicate                               aluminiumsilicaat

alunite                                               aluniet (mineraal)

AMC                                                  zie Axial Magma Chamber

ammonium                                         ammonium

ammonium chloride                             ammoniumchloride/salmiak

amorphous rock                                  vormeloos gesteente (?) (p. 94)

amphibole                                          amfibool (mineraal)

amphibolite                                        amfiboliet (gesteente)

amygdaloid                                        ??? (vulkanisch gesteente)

amygdules                                         ??? (p. 94)

analcime                                            analciem (mineraal)

anatexis                                             anatexis (proces waarbij steen wordt omgevormd tot magma)

andalusite                                          andalusiet (mineraal)

andesite                                             andesiet (vulkanisch gesteente)

andesite cinders                                 andesietsintels (?)

andesite lava                                      andesietlava

andesite magma                                 andesietmagma

andesitic                                            andesitisch

andesitic magma                                andesietmagma

andesite porphyry                               andesietporfier (?)

andradite                                            andradiet (mineraal)

anemometer                                       anemometer/wind(snelheids)meter

anemometric                                      anemometrisch

anemometry                                       anemometrie/windsterktemeting

angle of inclination                              hellingshoek

angle of repose                                   hellingshoek/glooingshoek (van helling)

angle of the slope                               hellingshoek

angular                                              hoekig/met scherpe kanten

anhydrous                                          watervrij (?) (p. 104)

anhydrous chloride                              watervrije chloride (?) (p. 104)

anogenic rock                                     stollingsgesteente

anomalous                                         anomaal/afwijkend

anomaly                                             anomalie/afwijking

anorogenic                                         anorogeen

anorogenic magmatisme                     anorogeen magmatisme

anorthosite                                         anorthosiet (gesteente)

Antarctic Plate                                   Antarctische plaat

anticlinal                                            de anticlinaal (naar boven bolronde plooi in gesteente of aardlaag)

anticlinal (bn)                                      anticlinaal

anticlinal fold/anticline                         anticline

apatite                                               apatiet (calciumfosfaat)

aperture                                             bocca/explosiegat

aphrolith                                             aa-lava

aphrolithic lava                                    aa-lava

apophyllite                                         apofilliet

apparant dip                                       schijnbare helling

aquifer                                               waterhoudende grondlaag

Arabian Plate                                     Arabische plaat

arc                                                    boog

arc volcanism                                     ???

Archaean                                           het Archaïcum

Archaean (bn)                                     archaïsch

Archaeozoic                                       het Archeozoïcum

Archaeozoic (bn)                                archeozoïsch

Arche...                                             zie Archae...

areal eruption                                     areaaleruptie

areal extent                                        ??? (p. 101)

argon                                                 argon (element 18)

argon-40                                            ???

armo(u)red lapilli                                 ???

arrangement                                       ??? (b.v. parallel arrangement, p. 101)

asbestos gloves                                  asbesthandschoenen

ascending magma                              opstijgend magma

ash                                                    as (zie volcanic ash)

ash avalanche                                    aslawine/asstroom

ash barrier (?)                                     ???

ash bed                                             aslaag

ash cloud                                           aswolk

ash column                                        askolom

ash cone                                            askegel

ash eruption                                       asuitbarsting

ash explosion                                     asexplosie

ash fall                                               asregen

ashflow                                              aslawine/asstroom (of asuitstroming ?)

ashflow caldera                                   ???

ashflow cooling unit                             ignimbriet/smelttuf

ashflow sheet                                     ignimbriet/smelttuf

ashflow tuff                                         ignimbriet/smelttuf

ash-laden gas                                     ???

ash layer                                            aslaag

ash particles                                      asdeeltjes

ash plain                                            asvlakte

ash plume                                          aspluim

ash rain                                             asregen

ash shower                                        asregen

ash slide                                            aslawine/asstroom

ash tuff                                              astuf

assemblage                                       ??? (b.v. magmatic assemblage)

assimilated                                        ???

assimilated rock                                 ??? (p. 87)

asthenosphere                                    asthenosfeer (zachte laag van de mantel, onder de lithosfeer)

ataxite                                               ataxiet (soort onregelmatig gevlekt (?) taxiet)

Atlantic Basin                                     het Atlantische Bekken

Atlantic plate                                      Atlantische plaat

atmosphere                                        atmosfeer (zone met gassen die de aarde omhult op grote hoogte)

atmospheric (shock) wave                   atmosferische schokgolf

atmospherics                                     atmosferische storingen (?) (p. 88)

atrio                                                   atrio (halvemaanvormig dal tussen centrale kegel en calderawal)

attitude                                              stand (van gesteentelaag)

augite                                                augiet (mineraal)

Australia(n) Plate                                Australische plaat

authigenous ejecata                            autogene efflata; juveniele pyroclastica

autobrecciated lava                             kraterpijpwrijvingsbreccie

autoclastic                                         ??? (ook autoclast (zelfst. nw ?)

automatic telemeter recorder               ???

avalanche                                           lawine

*avalanche earthquake                        ???

axial channel                                      ???

Axial Magma Chamber (AMC)              idem (geen vertaling voor)

Axial Zone                                          ??? (in IJsland)

axial zone (of activity)                          ???

axis of Vening Meinesz                       de as van Vening Meinesz

azimuth of the strike                           strekkingsrichtig/azimuth van de strekking

backarc rifting                                     ???

baddeleyite                                        baddeleyiet (mineraal)

ballistic fragment                                ???

ballistic projectile                                ???

ballistics                                            ballistiek

banded                                              gestreept (?) (van gesteente) (p. 94)

barograph                                           barograaf (zelfregisterende barometer)

barranca/

barranco (Spaans)                 idem (ravijn in vulkaankegel,

gevormd door modderstromen)

barysphere                                         barysfeer (laag onder de lithosfeer)

basalt                                                idem (een van de meest voorkomende vulkanische gesteenten, op land vind je deze steen bij sintelkegels, lavastromen, schildvulkanen en op vulkanische plateau's; het grootste deel van de oceaanbodem wordt gevormd door basalt) (zie voor samenstellingen ook basaltic)

basalt flow                                          basaltstroom

basalt globe                                       ???

basaltic/basaltine                                basaltisch/basaltachtig

basaltic ash                                       basaltische as (?

basaltic bomb                                     basaltische bom (?)

basaltic cinder cone                            basaltische sintelkegel (?)

basaltic colonnade                              ???

basaltic cone                                      basaltische kegel/basaltkegel (?)

basaltic cornice                                  ???

basaltic dike                                       ???

basaltic dome                                     schildvulkaan

basaltic emission                                ???

basaltic eruption                                 basaltische eruptie/uitbarsting (?)

basaltic explosion                               basaltische explosie (?)

basaltic flow                                       basaltstroom

baslatic jointing                                  zuilvormige klieving

basaltic lava                                       basaltlava/basaltische lava

basaltic lava flow                                 basaltische lavstroom

basaltic lava nodule                             bazaltbol

basaltic layer                                      basaltlaag

basaltic magma                                  basaltmagma

basaltic plateau                                  basaltplateau

basaltic plinth                                     ???

basaltic rock                                      basaltgesteente

basaltic sheet                                     ???

basaltic shield                                    basaltschild

basaltic shield caldera                         basaltschildcaldera

basaltic spatter                                   ???

basaltic tuff ring                                  ???

basaltic upwelling                               ???

basaltic volcano                                  basaltvulkaan (?)

basalt magma                                    baslatmagma

basalt obsidian                                   tachyliet

basalt plain                                        basaltplateau

basalt plateau                                     basaltplateau

base (of the volcano)                           voet (van de vulkaan) (?)

base surge                                         base surge

basement                                           ??? (van een vulkaan)

basement fracture                               ???

basement rock                                   ???

basic                                                 basisch (m.b.t. stollingsgesteenten)

basic lava                                           basische lava (?)

basic rock                                          basisch gesteente (?)

batholite/batholith                               de batholiet (dieptegesteente)

bathymetry                                         bathymetrie

bathymetric                                        bathymetrisch

bearing of the strike                            strekkingsrichting/azimuth van de strekking

bedrock                                             vast gesteente

bedded                                              (well-bedded)       ??? (p. 94)

bed(ded) vein                                      laaggang (?)

bedded volcano                                   stratovulkaan/gemengde vulkaan

bedding                                              gelaagdheid

belonite                                              (rots)naald

belt                                                    gordel

bench                                                terras (?)

bench lava                                          terrassenlava

benchmark                                         referentiepunt (i.v.m. metingen)

Benioff zone                                       Benioffzone (genoemd naar Hugo Benioff)

bentonite                                            bentoniet (kleigesteente)

bianchetto (Italiaans)                           ???

billowy                                               golvend

bipolar fusiform bomb                          bipolaire bom/spindelvromige bom

biotite                                                biotiet (glimmersoort)

bishop's ring                                       ??? (ring rond zon gevormd door vulkanisch stof)

bituminous shale                                leisteen

bixbyite                                              byxbyiet (mineraal)

black sand beach                               zwart-zandstrand (?)

black lead                                          grafiet

black smoker (chimney)                      black smoker (op zeebodem)

blast                                                  explosie/ontploffing (zeer explosieve uitbarsting met hete aswolken en andere vulkanisch materiaal)

blast cloud                                         explosiewolk

blast of gas                                        gasexplosie

blast zone                                          ontploffingszone

bleb                                                   luchtbel(letje) (b.v. lava bleb)

blister                                                blaar (?) (zwelling op korst van lavastroom)

block                                                 blok/lavabrok (een groot hoekig lavadeel dat bij een uitbarsting uitgestoten wordt, gewoonlijk een meter of meer in doorsnede); schol

block fragments                                  ??? (p. 95)

block lava                                           bloklava/schollava (op Hawaii aa)

block lava flow                                    bloklavastroom/aa-(lava)stroom

block mountains                                 ???

block of lava                                       lavablok

blowdown                                           ??? (bomen die omver zijn geblazen na vulkanische explosie)

blow hole                                           spuitgat (kleine krater aan oppervlakte van lavastroom)

blowing cone                                      lavakegel (?)

blow out                                             uitwerpen (?) (b.v. van deeltjes)

blowpipe                                            ??? (p. 102)

blowpipe flame                                    steekvlam

bocca                                                bocca/explosiegat

body                                                  ??? (b.v. a body of molten lava, p. 102)

boiling mud pool                                 moddervulkaan/slijkvulkaan (?)

boiling spring                                      kokende bron

bolometer                                           bolometer/stralingsmeter

bolometric                                          bolometrisch

bomb                                                 bom (bommen zijn grote afgeronde lavadelen die uitgestoten worden bij een uitbarsting; vaak wordt hun vorm tijdens hun vlucht door de lucht bepaald)

bomb of lava                                       lavabom

bomb pit                                            inslagtrechter

bomb sag                                           ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

boss                                                  kern (van kleine batholiet)

boulder                                              blok; lavabrok

bradyseism                                        bradiseisme/bodemschommelingen

breached cone/crater                          hoefijzervormige krater

bread-crust bomb                                broodkorstbom

breccia                                              eruptiezuil/diatrema/vulkanische breccië (?)

brecciated                                          ??? (p. 88)

brecciated vein                                   brecciëvormige ader

breccia vein                                        brecciëvormige ader

bristling dome                                     ???

bubble                                               gasbel of luchtbel (in lava of gesteente)

bubble formation                                 ??? (in magma)

bulge                                                 uitstulping (in kraterwand als de druk hoger wordt)

buried cone                                        begraven kegel(?) (koepelvorm van sintelkegel)

burning ash                                        ???

burning (hot) ash cloud                        (hete) aswolk (?)

burst                                                  explosie

butte (VS)                                          tafelberg

 

Cainozoic/Caenozoic                          zie Cenozoic

calcic                                                kalkhoudend/calciumhoudend

calciferous                                         kalkhoudend; kalkvormend

calcification                                        verkalking; kalkafzetting

calcite                                               calciet (mineraal)

calcium                                              calcium (element 20)

calcsinter                                           kalksinter/travertijn

calcspar                                             kalkspaat/calciet

calctufa/calctuff                                  kalktuf/travertijn

caldera                                              de caldera/het kratermeer (?)/de instortingskrater (?) (een grote komvormige krater, vaak met een doorsnee van kilometers, gevormd door instorting van de magmakamer of door explosieve vulkaanuitbarstingen) (of is de juiste spelling caldeira ?) (Van Dale))

caldera complex                                 calderacomplex

caldera filling                                      ???

caldera island                                     caldera-eiland

caldera lake                                       calderameer/kratermeer (?)

caldera rim                                         calderarand

caldera ring                                        calderawal

caldera wall                                        calderawand

caldron                                              zie cauldron

cap                                                    geen officiële term; je kunt het het best vertalen met 'kurk'of 'dop' (tussen aanhalingstekens)

capillary lava                                      glasdraden/Pele's haar

capping stage                                     ??? ("capping stage of Hawaiian volcano")

cap rock                                            ondoorlatende deklaag

Cambrian                                           het Cambrium

Cambrian (bn)                                     uit het Cambrium

cancrinite                                           cancriniet (mineraal)

carapace                                            lavakorst

carbon                                               koolstof

carbonatite                                         carbonatiet (gesteente)

carbon dating                                     koolstofdatering/C14-methode

carbon dioxide (gas)                            kooldioxide/koolzuur(gas)

Carboniferous                                     het Carboon (bestaat uit Boven-Carboon en Onder-Carboon)

carbon monoxide                                koolmonoxide

Caribbean Plate                                  Caribische plaat

Catalogue of Active Volcanoes of the World        ???

catastrophism                                    catastrofisme/catastrofenleer (theorie)

catastrophic/catastrophist geology       catastrofengeologie (?)

cauldron                                             keteldal/inzinking

cauldron subsidence                           ketelverzakking/ketelvormige inzakking (als de kegel instort)

cauliflower bomb                                 bloemkoolbom (?)

cauliflower cloud                                 bloemkoolwolk

cavernous                                          caverneus/cellig

CAVW                                               Catalogue of Active Volcanoes of the World          ???

cellular                                               cellig/caverneus

Cenozoic                                           het Kaenozoïcom/Neozoïcum

cenozoic (bn)                                     kaenozoïsch/van of m.b.t. het Kaenozoïcum

central cone                                       centrale kegel

central crater                                      centrale krater

central eruption                                   centrale eruptie

central hearth                                     centrale haard

central vent                                        centrale krater (?)

central (volcanic) vent eruption             ???

central volcano                                   vulkaan met centrale krater (korter ?)

centre of the volcano                           ???

centroclinal bedding                            centroclinale gelaagdheid

chalazoidite                                        (vulkanisch) pisoliet

chain of craters                                   kraterrij

chain of volcanoes                              vulkaanrij/vulkaanreeks

channel of ascent                               kraterpijp/explosiepijp/eruptiekanaal

chaotic tuff                                         chaotische tuf

chemical precipitation                         chemische neerslag (?)

chiastolite                                          chiastoliet/holspaat (mineraal)

chilling effect                                      afkoelingseffect

chilling                                               afkoeling

chimney (pipe)                                    kraterpijp/diatrema (?); schoorsteen (bij black smoker) (?)

chloride                                              chloride (meervoud          chloriden)

chlorine (gas)                                     chloor

chlorine fumarole                                chloride-fumarole

chlorite                                              chloriet (mineraalgroep)

cinder                                                slak/stuk lava; sintel/as (?)

cinder barrier                                      ???

cinder cone                                        slakkenkegel (steile kegelvormige heuvel gevormd rondom een

uitlaat, gewoonlijk kleiner dan 250m; ook wel scoria-kegel genoemd)

cinders (meervoud)                              sintels (lichte stukken lava, tussen de 64 mm. en 30 cm. groot; ook wel scoria genoemd)

cindery                                              slakkig (?) (p. 96)

Circum-Pacific belt                              circumpacifische gordel

cirque                                                ??? ("recess formed by glacial erosion")

clast                                                  klast/klastisch fragment/klastische korrel

clastic                                               klastisch

clastic rock                                        klastisch gesteente

clastic sediment                                 klastisch sediment

clastogenetic lava flow                         wortelloze lavastroom

clastolithic sedimentation                    klastolitische sedimentatie

cleavage                                            splijting (mbt mineralen)

cleft                                                   bres/inkeping

cleaved volcano                                  gekloofde vulkaan/gekerfde vulkaan

clinker                                               slak/stuk lava

clinker breccia                                    stroombreccie

clinker field                                         slakkentop van aa-lava (korter ?)

clinker fragments                                ??? (p. 95)

clink stone                                         klinksteen/fonoliet

clint                                                   clint (blok kalksteen)

clot                                                    klodder

clot of lava                                          lavaklodder

cluster of cones/volcanoes                   opeenhoping van vulkanen

coarse-grained                                    grofkorrelig (van gesteente)

Cocos Plate                                       de Cocosplaat

coelestine                                          coelestien (mineraal)

cognate (pyroclastic) ejecta                 autolieten

cohesive                                            cohesief

cohesive debris flow                            cohesieve puinstroom

cold fumarole                                      koude fumarole/waterdampfumarole

cold lahar                                           koude lahar/gewone lahar

collapse                                             instorting (b.v. van kraterwand waardoor kratermeren ontstaan,

of van aardoppervlak)

collapse area                                      ??? (1464           p. 110)

collapse (ww)                                     instorten

collapse caldera                                 instortingscaldera

collapse canal                                    instortingskanaal

collapse depression                            zie volcanic collapse depression

collapse form                                      instortingsvorm (?) (p. 106)

collapse structure                               ??? (1455           p 109)

collisional                                           ???

colonnade                                          zuilenrij (?) (m.b.t. lava)

column                                              kolom

columnar                                            zuilvormig

columnar jointing/structure                   zuilvormige klieving

column of ash                                     askolom

column collapse                                 ???

comagmatic                                       ???

comagmatic volcanic rock                   ???

comminution                                      verpulvering

compact lava                                      compacte lava (zonder gasontwijkingsholten)

comparative ontology                          vergelijkende ontologie

complex volcano                                 complexe vulkaan (vulkaan die bestaat uit twee of meer uitlaten of een vulkaan met nog een kegel erbij in de krater of op de zijflanken)

compostite cone                                 startovulkaan/gemengde vulkaan

composite volcano                              samengestelde vulkaan/meerassige vulkaan/polyconide

(steile vulkaan, samengesteld uit afwisselende lagen lava

en andere vulkanische producten)

composition                                       samenstelling (?) (b.v. van gesteente of lava)

compound volcano                              samengestelde vulkaan/meerassige vulkaan/polyconide

compressed                                       samengeperst (?) (b.v. compressed vapours)

compression                                      compressie (?) (1141       p. 85)

compressional forces                          ??? (ivm  gesteente)

compression waves                             ??? (soort earthquake waves)

conca (caldera)                                   conca (conchoïdale 'collapse structure' ?)

concave                                             concaaf/hol (koepelvorm van sintelkegel)

concentric                                          concentrisch

concentric rift/fissure                           concentrische spleet

conchoidal                                         conchoïdaal (van stenen die bij splijting

schelpachtige oppervlakken vertonen)

conchoidal fracture                              conchoïdale breuk (?) (p. 94)

concluding stage                                slotfase/nawerking (van uitbarsting)

concordant                                         ??? (b.v. concordant pluton          ???)

condensation                                      condensatie

conduit                                              (krater)pijp (de gang die magma in een vulkaan volgt)

conduit pipe                                       kraterpijp/explosiepijp/eruptiekanaal

conduit walls                                      kraterpijpwand (?) (p. 91)

cone                                                  (vulkaan)kegel

cone basalt                                        kegelbasalt

cone bit                                             rotsbeitel/steenbeitel

cone-shaped                                      kegelvormig (koepelvormig ?)

cone-in-cone crater                             krater met centrale bocca's (korter ?)

cone-in-cone structure                         sommavulkaan/omwalde vulkaan/dubbelvulkaan

cone sheet                                         ???

congeal                                              stollen

congealed                                          gestold (van lava of magma)

conglomerate                                     conglomeraat/samenklontering; conglomeraat (gesteente)

conical                                               kegelvormig (koepelvorm van sintelkegel)

Conrad dicontinuity                             Conrad-discontinuïteit

consolidated rock                               ??? (gestold gesteente of onverweerd gesteente?)

consolidation                                      consolidatie

consolidation products                        stollingsproducten (?) (p. 93)

constructive                                        constructief (m.b.t. het uiteendrijven van de platen)

consumption                                      ??? (krimpen door smelting)

contamination                                     contaminatie (verontreiniging) (van gesteenten)

continental block                                continentaal blok

continental-continental plate                ???

continental-continental rift zone            ??? (zelfde als transtensional zone)

continental convergence                      ???

continental crust                                 continentale korst/landkorst/sial

continental drift                                   continentale drift/continentenverschuiving (theorie van de Duitse geleerde Alfred Wegener; volgens hem bewegen de continenten in samenhang met de beweging van de platen, die op hun beurt in beweging gezet worden door convectiestromen)

continental extension                          continetale extensie

continental hot spot                            continentale hotspot

continental lithosphere                        continentale lithosfeer

continental margin                              continentale rand

continental plate                                 continentale plaat

continental rift                                     ???

continental rifting                                ???

continental rift valley                            ???

continetal rise                                     continentale verheffing

continental shelf                                 continentaal plat(eau)

continental shield                                continentaal schild

continental slope                                continentale helling

continental volcano                             ???

contour line                                        contourlijn (op kaart om verhoging aan te geven)

convection                                          convectie (aardkorst)

convection current                               convectiestroom/convectiestroming (in aardkorst)

converge                                            convergeren (?)

convergence                                       convergentie

convergence zone                               convergentiezone

convergent                                         convergent

convergent boundaries                         convergente (plaat)randen

convergent/converging plates               convergente platen

convergent plate boundary                   convergente plaatranden

convex-concave                                  convex-concaaf/hol-bol (koepelvorm van sintelkegel)

convex                                               convex/bol(rond)

cooling crack                                      ???

cooling rim                                         ??? (p. 94)

copper                                               koper

copper mineral                                    kopermineraal

coral atol                                            koraalatol (?)

corded lava                                         touwlava

cordierite                                            cordiëriet (mineraal)

core of the volcano                              vulkaankern

cored bomb                                        samengestelde bom

core of the earth                                 aardkern

core temperature                                kerntemperatuur

cornice                                              overhangende rotsmassa

correlation spectrometer                      correlatiespectrometer

COSPEC                                           correlatiespectrometer/COSPEC

coulée/coulee                                     lavastroom

country rock                                       nevengesteente

cowdung bomb/cowpat bomb               slakkenkoek

cowpat                                               ???

crack                                                 ??? (zie ground crack en radial crack)

crater                                                 krater/vulkaanmond (komvormige, van steile hellingen voorziene, holte aan de bovenkant van een vulkaan; de krater is gelegen boven de uitlaat waaruit vulkanisch materiaal geworpen wordt)

crateral magma                                  oppervlaktemagma

crater basin                                        kraterbekken

crater cloud                                        ??? (p. 103)

crater floor                                          kraterbodem

crater formation                                  kratervorming

crater fumarole                                   kraterfumarole

crateriform                                          kratervormig

crater island                                       kratereiland

crater lake                                          kratermeer

craterlet                                             kratertje/kleine krater

crater mouth                                       kratermond

crater pipe                                          kraterpijp

crater rim                                           kraterrand

crater ring                                          kraterwal

crater row                                           kraterrij

crater vent                                          kraterpijp

crater wall                                          kraterwand

craton                                                kraton (?) (deel van de aardkorst)

crescent(ic)                                        halvemaanvormig

crest                                                  kam (van vulkaan of rug)

Cretaceous                                        het Krijt

cretaceous                                         Krijt.../het Krijt betreffende

cristobalite                                         cristobaliet (mineraal)

critical angle                                       kritische hoek (steilste hoek waaop materiaal kan blijven liggen zonder omlaag te rollen)

croicolitic fumarole                              kroikolitische fumarole

crumble                                             afbrokkelen

crumble breccia                                  afbrokkelingsbreccie

crust                                                  (aard)korst (dunne buitenste laag van de aarde, die zowel de ondergrond van de continenten als van de oceanen vormt)

crustal                                               m.b.t. de aardkorst

crustal block                                      slenk (?)

crustal fracture                                   ???

crustal layer                                       korstlaag

crustal material                                   ???

crustal melting                                    ???

crustal plate                                       aardschol (?)

crustal ridge                                       ???

crust over (ww)                                   ??? (p. 86)

cryosphere                                         cryosfeer

cryptodome                                        cryptodome

cryptoexplosion structure                    cryptoëxplosie-structuur

cryptovolcanic caldera                         cryptovulkanische depressie

cryptovolcanic structure                       cryptovulkanische structuur

cryptovolcanism                                  cryptovulkanisme

crystal                                               kristal

crystal fragments                                kristaldeetjes (?) (p. 100)

crystalline                                          kristallijn

crystalline rock                                   kristallijn gesteente

crystalinity                                         kristaliniteit

crystal lapilli                                       kristallapilli

crystallite                                           kristalliet/kristalkorrel

crystal-lithic tuff                                  ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

crystal(l)ize/crystal(l)ise                      kristalliseren

crystallization/crystallisation                kristallisatie

crystal tuff                                          kristallentuf

crystal-vitric tuff                                  ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

cumulo dome/volcano                          lavadom/tholoïde/cumulovulkaan

cumulus                                             synoniem van tumulus

cupola                                               koepel

curtain of fire                                      vuurgordijn (serie lavafonteinen, komt voor bij Hawaiian-type eruption)

cylindrical jointing                               cylindrische klieving (in andesiet)

cylindrical vent                                    uitblazingscylinder/blaasschacht

 

dacite                                                daciet (gesteente)

dacite lava                                          dacietlava

dacite magma                                    dacietmagma

dacitic                                               dacitisch (b.v. dacitisch magma)

dagala                                               lavavenster (heuvel of berg omringd door één of meer lavastro(o)m(en)) (term gebruikt voor Etna-gebied)

datolite                                              datoliet

death valley                                        dodendal/stikvallei

debris                                                puin

debris avalanche                                 puinlawine (snelbewegende massa van vulkanisch gesteente, water, sneeuw, gletsjerijs, bomen en pyroclastisch materiaal)

debris avalanche caldera                     puinlawinecaldera (?)

debris dam                                         ???

debris dam lake                                  ???

debris fan                                           ???

debris flow                                          puinstroom

debris flow avalanche                          ???

debris flow deposit                              ???

debris skirt                                         ???

decadent (or late) type of volcanic activity           ??? (p. 87)

deepsea cone                                     diepzeekegel

deepsea trench                                   diepzeetrog

deflation                                             deflatie (opnemen en verplaatsen van los materiaal door de wind)

deformation                                        deformatie

deformation activity                             deformatie-activiteit

degas (ww)                                         ontgassen

dendritic drainage                               ???

density current                                   dichtheidsstroom

density flow                                        dichtheidsstroming  (b.v. i.v.m. surge)

denudation                                         denudatie (i.v.m. erosie); ontbossing

dephlogisticated air                             ???

deposit                                              afzetting/sediment

deposit (ww)                                       afzetten; neerslaan

deposition                                          afzetting

depositional sequence                         ???

depression                                         laagte/holte; depressie (aardvorm) (b.v. de Danakildepressie)

depression wave                                 golfdal (i.v.m. tsoenami)

dermolith                                            huidlava

dermolithic solidification                      oppervlakkige verstarring (van pyromagma)

deroofing                                            ??? (p. 92)

destabilise                                         ??? (van vulkaan)

destabilisation                                    ??? (van vulkaan)

destructive                                         destructief (m.b.t. beweging van platen)

detachment plane                               ??? ("surface along which a landslide disconnects from its original position")

detonation                                          ontploffing/detonatie

detritus                                              detritus/puin

detritus eruption                                  uitbarsting van los materiaal (korter ?)

deuteric                                             ??? (p. 101) (deuteric pneumatolytic action)

devitrify                                              ontglazen (van vulkanisch gesteente)

Devonian                                            het Devoon

Devonian (bn)                                     uit het Devoon

diaclase                                             diaklaas/breuk

diagenesis                                         diagenese

diamond                                             diamant

diamond pipe                                      diamantpijp (b.v. in Kimberley, Zuid-Afrika)

diapir                                                 diapier (meestal steenzout, zoutpijler))

diapiric                                               ???

diapiric pluton                                     ???

diapiric rise                                        ???

diapirism                                            diapirisme

diastem                                             diasteem

diatreme                                            diatrema/eruptiefzuil/kraterpijp/explosiepijp/eruptiekanaal

differential deflation                             differentiële deflatie (?) (p. 104)

dike                                                   dike/gesteenteader/gang

dike chamber                                     gangvormige magmakamer

dike complex                                      gangenstelsel (?) (1467    p. 110)

dilatation fissure                                 ??? (p. 92)

diorite                                                dioriet (gesteente)

dip                                                     helling

dip (ww)                                             hellen

dip angle                                            hellingshoek

dipping bed/stratum                            hellende laag

directed blast                                     gerichte explosie (?) (zelfde als lateral blast)

direction of dip                                    hellingsrichting

direction of strike                                strekkingsrichting

discharge                                           explosie/losbarsting

disconformity                                      disconformiteit

discordant                                          discordant (iets kan discordant liggen)

discordant igneous body                      discordant magmatisch lichaam (?)

dicordant pluton                                  discordant plutoon (?)

dispersed gas                                     ??? (p. 87)

displaced dome                                  ???

dissected volcano                               gekloofde vulkaan/gekerfde vulkaan

dissolved                                            opgelost

dissolved gas                                     opgelost gas

distance measurement                        afstandmeting

disturbance                                        ??? (p. 92)

divergence                                          divergentie

divergence zone                                  divergentiezone

divergent boundaries                           divergente (plaat)randen

divergent/diverging plates                     divergente platen

divergent plate boundary                      divergente plaatrand

dolomite                                             dolomiet (mineraal)

dome                                                 koepel (koepels ontstaan wanneer vulkanisch gesteente te taai is om ver van de uitlaat verwijderd te raken; ze ontstaan vaak bij samengestelde vulkanen aan het einde van een uitbarsting)

dome collapse                                    ???

dome formation                                   koepelvorming (?)

dome of lava                                       lavadom/tholoïde/cumulovulkaan

dormancy                                           rustperiode/rustfase

dormancy period                                 rustperiode

dormant volcano                                 slapende/sluimerende vulkaan/vulkaan in ruststadium  (vulkaan die op dit moment niet actief is, maar toch nog tot uitbarsting kan komen)

double cone                                       dubbelvulkaan/tweelingvulkaan

double crater                                      tweelingkrater

double island arc                                dubbele eilandboog (?)

double metamorphic belt                     dubbele metamorfe zone

down-dip                                            hellingafwaarts/in de richting van de helling

drainage basin                                    ???

drainages                                           ???

draining                                              ??? (p. 102)

dregs                                                 sediment/residu

driblet cone                                        spatkegel/lavaschoorsteen/slakkenschoorsteen

driblet spire                                        ??? (geen vertlaing gegeven) (p. 97)

drift(ing)                                             (het) driften/drijven (van continenten)

drum fire                                            trommelvuur (serie explosies)

dunite                                                duniet (gesteente)

dust                                                   (vulkanisch) stof

dust cloud                                          aswolk

dust injection                                      stofinjectie

dust tuff                                             stoftuf

dust veil                                             stofsluier

dust veil index                                    stofsluierindex (H.H. Lamb)

dyke                                                  zie dike

dynamical geology                              dynamische geologie

dyngja                                               IJslands woord voor kleine schildvulkaan

ear                                                    oor (?) (aan druppelvormige bom) (p. 99)

earthquake                                         aardbeving

earthquake swarm                              aardbevingszwerm

earthquake wave                                 aarbevingsgolf

earthquake zone                                 aardbevingszone

earth satellite                                     aardsatelliet

Earth Sciences                                   aardwetenschappen/geowetenschappen

earth scientist                                    aardwetenschapper/geolooog (?)

earth's core                                        aardkern

earth's crust                                       aardkorst

earth's heat                                        aardwarmte

earth's interior                                     het inwendige van de aarde

earth's mantle     mantel

earth's surface                                    aardoppervlak

earth tremor                                       aardschok

East African Rift (System/Zone)           Oost-Afrikaanse rift(dal)/riftsysteem

East(ern) Pacific ridge                         Oost-Pacifische rug

ebullititm                                            opborreling

ebullition                                            opborreling

eccentric eruption                               excentrische eruptie

echelon                                              ??? (overlappende geological features)

echo measurement                             echometing

eclogite                                              eklogiet (gesteente)

eclogite formation                               eklogietvorming

economic geology                               economische/toegepaste geologie

eddy (eddies)                                     ??? (p. 97)

edifice                                                (vulkaan)lichaam/(vulkaan)massief (?)

edingtonite                                         edingtoniet (mineraal)

EDM                                                  ??? (slope-distance measurement)

Eemian                                              het Eemien (geologisch tijdperk)

effluent lava flow                                  uitvloeiing uit de glooiing

effusion                                              uitstroming/effusie

effusive activity                                   effusieve werking

effusive emission                                effusieve uitstoot (?)

effusive eruption                                  effusieve eruptie/uitbarsting (?)

effusive outflow                                   effusieve uitvloeiing (?)

 

 

effusive rock                                       uitvloeiingsgesteente/effusiegesteente

effusive volcano (red volcano)               ???

eject                                                  uitstoten

 

ejecta(menta)                                     (gruisvormige) uitwerpselen/uitgeworpen materiaal;

klastische uitwerpselen/uitgeworpen materiaal

ejecta pile                                          ???

ejection                                              het uitstoten

electrically charged                             elektrisch geladen

electric charge                                    elektrische lading

electric field                                        elektrisch veld

electrified ash cloud                            elektrisch geladen aswolk

element of eruptive activity                   uitbarstingsbestanddeel

elevation wave                                    golftop (i.v.m. tsoenami)

ellipsoidal                                           ellipsoïdaal

emanation                                          uitstroming/emanatie (?)

embryonic eruption                             embryonale eruptie

embryonic volcano                              vulkaanembryo

emission                                            lozing/het uitwerpen

emission of gas/vapour                        ontgassing/uitstroming van gas

emission of lava                                  lava-uitstroming (?) (p. 95)

emulsion                                            emulsie   ??? (p. 92)

endogenetic                                       endogeen

endogenous dome                              endogene koepel (?)

endosphere                                        endosfeer

entrained magmatic gases                   ??? (p. 91) 

Eocene                                              het Eoceen

 

 

Eocene (bn)                                       Eoceen.../van het Eoceen

Eolithic                                              het Eolithicum

eolithic                                               eolithisch/van het Eolithicum

ephemeral activity                               kortstondige werking

epicentre/epicenter                             epicentrum (van aardbeving) (dus niet episch centrum)

epiclast (zn)                                       ???

epiclastic                                           epiklastisch (?)

epigenetisch volcanism                       epigenetisch vulkanisme

epimagma                                          epimagma

episode                                              ??? ("volcanic event distinguished by its duration or style")

epistilbite                                           epistilbiet (mineraal)

erode                                                 eroderen; uitbijten (van zuur); wegvreten; uithollen (van water)

eroded    geërodeerd

erosion                                              erosie

erosional                                            erosie... (?)

erosional features                               ???

erosional process                               erosieproces

erosion caldera                                   erosiecaldera

erosive                                               eroderend/erosief

eruct                                                  spuwen/uitbarsten (van vulkaan)

eruction                                             uitbarsting

erupt                                                  uitbarsten; spuwen/spuiten (van geiser)

eruption                                             eruptie/uitbarsting (de wijze waarop vaste en vloeibare gesteenten

en gassen door vulkanische activiteit over het aardoppervlak worden uitgeworpen; dit kan variëren van explosieve uitbarstingen tot rustige uitstroming van lava)

eruption centre                                   eruptiepunt

eruption channel                                 kraterpijp/explosiepijp/eruptiekanaal

eruption cloud                                     eruptiewolk

eruption column                                  eruptiekolom/rookkolom

eruption cone                                     eruptiekegel

eruption cycle                                     eruptiecyclus

eruption cylinder                                 uitblazingscylinder/blaasschacht

eruption point                                     eruptiepunt

eruption rain                                       eruptieregen

eruption type/style                              eruptietype

eruption site                                       ???

eruptive                                              eruptief

eruptive activity                                   ??? (p. 86)

eruptive behaviour                               ??? (van vulkaan)

eruptive body                                      eruptieflichaam

eruptive focus                                     explosiehaard

eruptive fumarole                                 eruptieve fumarole

eruptive phase                                    eruptieve fase/periode van werking

eruptive rock                                       eruptief gesteente

eruptive vent                                       vulkaanmond/vulkaanopening (?)

essential                                            juveniel (?) (m.b.t pyroclasts) (p. 98)

essential (pyroclastic) ejecta               autogene efflata; juveniele pyroclastica

ettringite                                            ettringiet (mineraal)

eugeosyncline     ???

Eurasian Plate                                    Euraziatische plaat

eutaxite                                             eutaxiet (soor taxiet)

evacuation (of magma)                        ??? (p. 88)

even fracture                                       vlakke breuk

event                                                 (vulkanische) activiteit

exhalation                                          exhalatie (uitwaseming van vulkanische gassen en dampen)

exhalative                                           exhalatief

exit channel                                       ??? (m.b.t. lava)

exogenetic                                         exogeen

exosphere                                          exosfeer

expand                                              uitzetten

expansion                                          expansie

expansive force                                   expansiekracht (?) (p. 87)

experimental geology                          experimentele geologie

exploding bomb                                  exploderende bom

explorationist                                      ???

explosion                                           explosie

explosion caldera                                explosiecaldera

explosion cloud                                  explosiewolk

explosion crater                                  explosiekrater

explosion debris                                 explosiepuin

*explosion earthquake                         ???

explosion focus                                  explosiehaard

explosion form                                    explosievorm (?) (p. 106)

explosion funnel                                  explosietrechter

explosion graben                                explosieslenk

explosion lake                                    maar

explosion level                                    explosieniveau

explosion pit                                       ???

explosion point                                   explosiepunt (van magma)

explosion tuff                                      explosietuf

explosion vent                                    explosiekrater

explosive action/activity                       explosieve activiteit

explosive ash eruption                         explosie asuitbarsting

explosive bomb                                   exploderende bom

explosive (volcanic) eruption                 explosieve eruptie/uitbarsting

explosive emission                              explosieve uitbarsting

explosive eruption                               explosieve eruptie/uitbarsting

explosive excavation                           ??? (i.v.m. vorming van kratermeren)

explosive gas                                     explosief gas

explosive index                                   zie explosivity index

explosive interaction                            ???

explosive phase                                  explosieve fase

explosive phenomena                          explosieve verschijnselen

explosive volcanism                            explosief vulkanisme

explosive volcano (grey volcano)           ???

explosivity                                          explosiviteit

explosivity index                                 indexcijfer voor de explosiviteit

expulsion                                           ???

expulsive                                            ???

extensional forces                               ??? (ivm gesteente)

external collapse/subsidence               hellingverzakking

external volcanism                              extrusie (?) (p. 90)

extinction (of volcanic activity)              ??? (p. 105)

extinct volcano                                   uitgedoofde/uitgestorven vulkaan (vulkaan die sinds mensenheugenis niet meer actief geweest is en dat in de toekomst ook niet meer zal zijn)

extravasate                                        (onov. ww.) uitstromen (van lava); uitbarsten (van vulkaan);

(ov. ww.) uitbraken (van lava)

extravasation                                      uitstroming (van lava); uitbarsting/eruptie (van vulkaan)

extrude                                              uitstoten/uitwerpen/extruderen

extruded lava sheet                             lavadek/lavaplaat

extrusion                                            extrusie/uitstoting/uitwerping

extrusive                                            extrusief

extrusive body                                    extrusielichaam

extrusive phase                                  extrusiefase

extrusive rock                                     extrusiegesteente/uitvloeiingsgesteente

extrusive sheet                                   lavadek/lavaplaat

facies                                                facies/uiterlijk (van gesteente)

failure                                                breuk (?)

fall out                                               fall-out

fallout process                                    fall-outproces

fallout tuff                                           ???

fault(ing)                                             breuk(lijn); verschuiving

fault (ww)                                           breken; verschuiven

fault block                                          schol

fault cliff                                             breukzone (?)

fault escarpment                                 breukzone (?)

faulting                                               breuk(lijn)

fault ledge                                          breukzone (?)

fault line                                             breuklijn

fault scarp                                          breukzone (?)

fault segment                                     breuksegment

fault system                                       breuksysteem

fault trench/fault trough                        slenkdal

fault valley                                          breukdal

fault zone                                           breukzone

feed (ww)                                           voeden (?) (b.v. van volcanic centre)

feeding conduit                                   ??? (zelfde als feeding vent ?)

feeding tube                                       lavatunnel

feeding vent                                        kraterpijp/explosiepijp/eruptiekanaal

 

 

feldspar/felspar                                   veldspaat (mineraal)

feldspathic/feldspathoid                       veldspaathoudend/veldspaatachtig/veldspaat...

felsic                                                 felsisch (b.v. felsisch lava)

felsic flow                                           ???

felsic vent                                           ???

felspathic/felspathoid                           zie feldspatic/felspathoid

ferrierite                                             ferrieriet (mineraal)

fiamme (lenses of glass)                      ??? (p. 101)

fibrous                                               vezelig (b.v. van puimsteen) (?) (p. 97)

field of lava                                         lavaveld

filaments                                            ??? (b.v. filaments of lava glas) (p. 99)

filiform lapilli                                       glasdraden; Pelea's haar (Pele's ?)

filling                                                  ??? (p. 101) (filling of volcanic pipe)

fine-grained                                        fijnkorrellig (b.v. van gesteente)

 

fiorite terrace                                      sintelterras

fire avalanche                                     gloedlawine/gloeiende lavalawine/ladu

fire curtain                                          vuurgordijn (zie curtain of fire)

fire fountain                                        vuurwerk

fire globe                                            bolbliksem

fire pit                                                lavameerkrater

fire spitting                                         vuurspuwend

Fisher, Osmond

fissure                                               spleet (barst of breuk in de aardkorst of in de helling van een vulkaan waaruit magma kan vloeien)

fissure chamber                                  gangvormige magmakamer

fissure effusion                                   spleeteffusie

fissure eruption                                   spleeteruptie/lineaire eruptie

fissure fumarole                                  spleetfumarole

fissure system                                    ???

fissure type eruption                            zie fissure eruption

fissure vent                                         spleetvormig eruptiekanaal (korter ?)

fixed air                                              kooldioxidegas

flags                                                  ??? (in een lavastroom)

flaming orifice                                     vlammende fumarole

flank                                                  helling/flank (van vulkaan)

flank displacement                              ???

flank emission                                    ???

flank eruption                                      flankeruptie

flank fissure                                        vulkaanmantelspleet

flank outflow                                       ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

flank vent                                           ???

flashing arc                                        flikkerboog (treedt op bij vulkanische explosies)

flattening out (of dip)                            afnemen van de helling

flogiston                                             flogiston

flood (zie Volcanic and Non-Volcanic flood)         stroom (?)

flood basalt                                        basaltvloed/plateaubasalt (mag allebei ?)

(uitstromingen op grote schaal van basaltlava in dikke lagen over elkaar)

flood channel                                      ???

flood tuff                                             ignimbriet/smelttuf

flotation bomb                                     lavabal

flow                                                   stroom

flow breccia                                        stroombreccie

flowing cloud                                      ??? (p. 104)

flowing cloud deposit                           ??? (p. 104)

flow of gas                                          gasstroom (?) (p. 91)

flow process                                       ???

flow structure                                      ??? (p. 101)

fluid basalt                                         vloeibare basalt

fluidization                                          fluïdisatie (vermenging van gas en los materiaal)

fluid lava                                             vloeibare lava

fluid stage (of lava)                              ??? (p. 97)

 

 

fluolite                                                peksteen

fluorine (gas)                                      fluor

fluvial                                                 fluviaal

fluvial erosion                                      fluviale erosie/riviererosie

fluvial tuff                                            ???

foam                                                  puimsteen

foam layer                                          schuimlaag

foamy                                                schuimachtig

foamy lava                                          schuimlava

fold                                                    plooi

fold (ww)                                            plooien

fold belt                                              plooiingsgebergte

folded                                                geplooid

folded mountain                                  plooiingsgebergte

folded mountain belt                            plooiingsgebergte

folded rock                                         geplooid gesteente

folded sediment                                  ???

folding                                                plooiing

 

 

fold mountain                                      plooiingsgebergte

foliation                                              foliatie (?)

 

 

foot of the volcano                               voet van de vulkaan

fore-arc trough                                    ???

fore-phase                                          inleidende fase/voorfase (voor de uitbarsting)

formation                                            ??? (gesteentemassa ?)

fosse                                                 ringdal

fountain                                              fontein

fountain of lava                                    lavafontein

fountaining                                         spuiten (?) (fountaning of the fluid) (p. 99)

fraction                                              ??? (p. 103)

fractionation                                       fractionering (van magma)

 

 

fracture                                              breuk; breuk(vlak) (mineralogie)

fracture (ww)                                       breken/scheuren

fracture system                                  breuksysteem

fracture zone                                      fractuurzone/transformbreuk

fragment                                            deeltje (?) (ook bij grotere stukken als bombs en blocks ?)

fragmental                                          gefragmenteerd/afbrokkelings.../afbrekings...

fragmental material                             ??? (p. 98)

fragmental (volcanic) products:

fragmental rock                                   breccieën/agglomeraat/morene (puin)

fragmented                                         gefragmenteerd (?)

fragmented rock                                  ??? (zelfde als clastic rock)

fragments                                           tefra (al 't materiaal dat uit 'n vulkaan gestoten wordt)(deeltjes ?)

franzinite                                            franziniet (mineraal)

 

 

free circulation                                    ??? (p. 106)

friable                                                bros/brokkelig

 

frothy                                                 schuimig/luchtig (?) (van magma) (p. 89)

 

 

fugitive constituent                              vluchtig/gasvormig bestanddeel

 

 

fumarole/fumerole                               fumarole (meervoud         fumarolen) (uitlaat of opening waar gas of stoom uitkomt op de helling van actieve en slapende vulkanen)

fumarole activity                                  fumarolenwerking

fumarole area                                     fumarolenveld

fumarole field                                      fumarolenveld

fumarole gas                                      fumarolegas (?)

fumarole mound/pimple                       fumarolenheuvel/fumarolenpuist

fumarolic                                            fumarole.../m.b.t. een fumarole

fumarolic activity                                 fumarolenwerking

fumarolic field                                     zie fumarole field

fumarolic stage                                   fumarolenstadium/fumarolentoestand

fumarolic status                                  ???

fume (volcanic fume)                           vulkaandamp

fumerole                                             zie fumarole

furrow                                                barranco; groef

furrowed volcano                                 gegroefde vulkaan

fused rock                                          smelt

gabbro                                               gabbro (gesteente)

gabbro porphyry                                  gabbroporfier

galena                                               galeniet/loodglans/zwavellood (mineraal)

gaping volcanic fissure                        open/gapende vulkaanspleet

gas                                                    gas (zie vulkanisch gas)

gas aerosols                                      ???

gas-barren ground                               ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

gas-bearing stratum                            gaslaag/gashoudende laag

gas blast                                            gasexplosie (?) (p. 86)

gas bubble                                         gasbel(letje) (in gesteente)

gas-charged                                       ??? (p. 91)

gas-charged lava                                 ???

gas cloud                                           gaswolk

gas column                                        gaszuil

gas content                                        gasinhoud

gas emanation/emission/escape          gasuitstoot (?) (p. 95)

gas emission                                      gasuitstoot (?)

gas-emission phase                            (intermediaire) gasfase

gaseous column                                 gaszuil (?) (na uitbarsting)

gaseous component                            vluchtig/gasvormig bestanddeel

gaseous excavation                            ??? (p. 88) (geen vertaling gegeven)

gaseous explosion                              gasexplosie

gas eruption                                       gaseruptie

gaseous phase                                   ??? (p. 87)

gaseous phase (of the earth)                ???

gaseous vent                                      ??? (zelfde als gas vent ?)

gas-filled                                            ???

gas film                                              gasomhulling (van asstroom)

gas fluxing                                         uitholling door hete gassen

gas fragments                                    gasdeeltjes (?)

gas-generating                                    ??? (p. 103)

gas-glass-dust emulsion                      ??? (p. 103)

gas hole                                             gasbel (?) (in sintels) (of gasontwijkingsholte ?)

gas in solution                                    opgelost gas

gas in true solution                             ??? (p. 87)

gas level                                            gaswaarde (?)

gas monitoring                                    ???

gas phase                                          gasfase (tijdens vulkanische activiteit)

gas pocket                                         gasreservoir (?)

gas-poor                                            gasarm

gas-powered fountain                          ???

gas pressure                                      gasdruk

gas-rich                                             gasrijk

gas-saturated                                     ???

gas-seepage                                      doorsijpeling van gas

gas skin                                             gasomhulling (van asstroom)

gas stratum                                        gaslaag

gas to rock ratio                                 ???

gas vent                                             ??? (p. 102)

gehlenite                                            gehleniet (mineraal)

geochemical                                       geochemisch

geochemical area                               geochemisch gebied

geochemical energy                            geochemische energie

geochemistry                                     geochemie

geochronology                                    geochronologie

geochronometer                                  geochronometer

geodesic/geodetic                               geodetisch

geodesist                                           geodeet

geodetic                                             geodetisch

geodetic leveling                                 ???

geodesy                                             geodesie

geodynamics                                      geodynamica

geognosy                                           geognosie/aardkunde

geogony                                             geogonie (leer van oorsprong en vorming van de aarde)

geologic                                             geologisch

geological map                                   geologische kaart

geological past                                   geologische verleden/geologische geschiedenis

geolocical sciences, (department of)     aardwetenschappen

geolocical time                                   geologische tijd

geological time scale                          geologische tijdschaal

geologist    geoloog

 

 

geology                                              geologie

geomorphic                                        geomorf

geomorphologic(al)                              geomorfologisch

geomorphologist                                 geomorfoloog

geomorphology                                   geomorfologie (beschrijvng van aardvormen)

geophone                                           geofoon/trillingsmeter/seismometer

 

geonomy                                            geonomie

geophysical                                        geofysisch

geophysicist                                       geofysicus

geophysics                                        geofysica

geoscience                                        aardwetenschappen

geosyncline                                        geosynclinaal

geotectonic                                        (geo)tektonisch

geotectonics                                      (geo)tektoniek

geothermal/geothermic                        geothermisch (m.b.t de aardwarmte)

geothermal energy                              geothermische energie

 

 

geyser                                               geiser (genoemd naar Stora Geysir in IJsland)

geyser basin                                      geiserbekken

geyser crater                                      krater/ketel (van de geiser)

geyserite                                            geiseriet/kiezelige sinter

 

geyser jet                                           waterstraal van een geiser (korter ?)

geyser pipe/shaft                                toevoerbuis

geyser pool                                        ??? (p. 106)

giant's causeway                                basaltplaveisel

gismondine                                        gismondien (mineraal)

gjá (meervoud gjár) (IJslands woord)     open/gapende vulkaanspleet

glacial action                                      glaciale werking

glacial erosion                                    glaciale erosie

glacial outburst flood                           zie glacier outburst flood

glaciation                                           glaciatie (ontwikkeling van ijstijden)

glacier                                               gletsjer

glacier burst                                       gletsjerlahar/ijskapontploffing (zelfde als jökulhlaup)

 

 

glacier ice                                          gletsjerijs

 

 

glacier outburst flood                           ??? (zelfde als jökulhlaup ?)

glass bubble                                       ??? (in Pele's seaweed)

glass fragments                                  glasdeeltjes (?) (p. 100)

glass particles                                    glasdeeltjes (?) (p. 101)

glass shard                                        glasscherf (?)

Global Positioning System                  global positioning system/GPS

Global Volcanism Network                   idem

Global Volcanism Program                  idem

globe lightning                                    bolbliksem

globular bomb                                     bolvormige bom

glowing avalanche                               gloedlawine/gloeiende lavalawine/ladu

glowing cloud                                     gloedwolk/nuée ardente

 

 

glowing cloud eruption                         nuée ardente-eruptie/uitbarsting (?)

 

 

gneiss                                               gneis (gesteente)

gmelinite                                            gmeliniet (mineraal)

goethite                                             goethiet (mineraal)

gonnardite                                          gonnardiet (mineraal)

goosecreekite                                     goosecreekiet (mineraal)

GPS (Global Positioning System)        GPS

GPS measurements                           GPS-metingen

GPS-receiver                                      GPS-ontvanger

graben                                               slenk

graded tuff                                          ??? (p. 100)

gradient (of the bed)                            gradiënt (van de laag)

gradient of the slope                            hellingshoek

grain                                                  korrel (i.v.m. gesteenten)

...-grained                                          ...korrelig

grain size                                           korrelgrootte

grain-size class                                  korrelgrootteklasse

granite                                               graniet

granite layer                                       granietlaag

granitic...                                           granitisch/graniet...

granitic layer                                      granietlaag

granodiorite                                        granodioriet (gesteente)

granulation                                         granulatie/korreling

graphite                                             grafiet

gravity anomaly                                  zwaartekrachtanomalie

gravity measurement                           zwaartekrachtmeting

gravity station                                     ???

grey volcano                                       grijze vulkaan (?) (idem als explosive volcano)

ground plane                                      ??? (van kegel) (1427       p. 108)

grooved lava                                       gekraste lava

grooving marks                                   lavakrassen

ground cracks                                    ???

ground deformation                             deformatie (?)

ground displacement                           ???

groundmass                                       grondmassa

ground sheet                                      laaggang (?)

ground water                                      grondwater

ground water flow                                grondwaterstroom

ground water level/table                       grondwaterspiegel

gush                                                  straal (uit geiser)

Gutenberg discontinuity                       Gutenberg-discontinuïteit

guyot                                                 guyot (onderzees overblijfsel van vulkanisch eiland; genoemd naar Zwitsers-Amerikaanse geoloog)

GVN (Global Volcanism Network)         idem (?)

GVP (Global Volcanism Program)        idem

gyrolite                                              gyroliet (mineraal)

hannebachite                                      hannebachiet (mineraal)

hardness                                            hardheid (van een gesteente of mineraal)

harmatome                                         harmatoom (mineraal)

harmonic tremor                                 harmonische trilling/vibratie/beving (?)

hauyne                                              hauyn (mineraal)

Hawaiian(-type) eruption   Hawaiiaanse eruptie/uitbarsting

Hawaiian hot spot                               Hawaiiaanse hot spot

Hawaiian ridge                                    Hawaiiaanse rug/Hawaiirug

hazard assessment                            ???

hazard assessment map                     risicokaart

hazard control                                    risicobeheersing

hazard map                                        zie hazard assessment map

heat transfer                                       warmteoverdracht

helium                                               helium

helluhraun (IJslands woord)                  touwlava

helmet-shaped                                    helmvormig (koepelvorm van sintelkegel)

hematite                                            hematiet (mineraal)

hemidiatreme                                     hemidiatrema

Hephaestus                                        andere naam voor Vulcanus

hervidero                                            moddervulkaan/slijkvulkaan/slikvulkaan

heterolithologic                                   ??? (bestaand uit versch. soorten gesteente)

heulandite                                          heulandiet (mineraal in vulkanisch gesteente)

 

 

Hilina faults/fault system                     Hilina-breuksysteem

Hilina slump                                       Hilina-afglijding

historical geology                                historische geologie

historical time                                     ???

hollow                                                holte; negateive vulkaanvorm/vulkanische inzinking

hollow dyke                                        holle gang

hollow volcanic form                            negatieve vulkaanvorm/vulkanische inzinking

Holmes, Arthur

Holocene                                           het Holoceen

Holocene volcano                                Holoceen-vulkaan (?)

(vulkaan die de afgelopen 10.000 jaar actief is geweest)

Holocene status                                 ???

Homakonide (D.)                                 idem (?) (kleine kegel in grote krater)

Homate (D.)                                       idem (?) (vrij lage kegel met brede krater)

homogeneous rock                             homogeen gesteente

horizontal blast                                   horizontale explosie (?) (bij uitbarsting)

hornblende                                         hoornblende (mineraal)

hornfels                                              hoornfels (hard kiezelachtig gesteente)

hornito                                               hornito (spatkegel rond wortelloze pijp)

horseshoe-shaped crater                     hoefijzervormige krater

horst                                                  horst (deel van de aardkorst)

hot ash avalanche                               (hete) aslawine/(hete) asstroom

hot ash cloud                                     (hete) aswolk (?)

hot avalanche                                     gloedlawine/gloeiende lavalawine/ladu

hot clots                                            hete klodders (b.v. lava)

hot gas                                              heet gas

hot igneous system                            magmatisch systeem (?)

hot lahar                                            warme lahar

hot mudflow                                        warme lahar

hot rod                                               ??? (stok voor het nemen van lavamonsters)

hot smoke                                          hete rook (?)

hot spot/hotspot                                 hot spot

(plaats in de mantel waar gesteente smelt en tot magma vervormt)

hot spot concept                                 het hot spot-concept

hot spot volcano                                 hot spot-vulkaan

hot spring/well                                    hete bron/heetwaterbron

hot spring status                                 ???

 

 

hot volcanic mudflow                           warme lahar

hot water jet                                       heetwaterstraal (?) (uit geiser)

humite                                               humiet (mineraal)

hummock                                           drukwal/hummock/ijshoop/ijsveldrichel;

bult/heuveltje/wal/(lage) heuvelrug; hoogte/verheffing/duin

hummocky                                         heuvelig

hver (mv                                             hverar) (IJslands woord)    kokende bron

hyalo-basalt                                       tachyliet

 

 

hyaloclastic                                        ??? (b.v. hyaloclastic debris         ???)

hyaloclastite                                       ??? (soort deposit)

hyalophane                                        hyalofaan (mineraal)

hybrid magma                                    ???

hydroclast                                          ???

hydrated (b.v. hydrated basaltic glass)  ??? (p. 94)

hydration                                            hydratering (?) (p. 94)

hydrochloric acid                                zoutzuur/waterestofchloride

hydroclastic                                       hydroklastisch

hydroclastic rock                                hydroklastisch gesteente

hydroexplosion                                   hydro-explosie

 

 

 

hydrogen                                            waterstof

hydrogen chloride                               waterstofchloride

 

 

hydrogen sulphide                               waterstofsulfide/zwavelwaterstof

hydrologist                                         hydroloog

 

hydrologic measurement                     hydrologische meting

hydrologic process                              hydrologisch proces

hydrosphere                                       hydrosfeer

hydrothermal                                      hydrothermaal

hydrothermal activity                           hydrothermale activiteit

hydrothermal alteration                        ???

hydrothermal deposit                           hydrothermale afzetting

hydrothermal emission                        ???

hydrothermal eruption                          ???

hydrothermal feature                           ???

hydrothermal field                               hydrothermaal veld (?)

hydrothermal fissure                            ???

hydrothermal process                          hydrothermaal proces (?)

hydrothermal reservoir                         hydrothermaal reservoir

hydrovolcanic                                     hydrovulkanisch

hydrovolcanic activity                          hydrovulkanische activiteit

hydrovolcanic eruption                         hydrovulkanische eruptie/uitbarsting

(uitbarsting waarbij water een belangrijke rol speelt)

hydrovolcanic explosion                       hydrovulkanische explosie

hypabyssal                                        hypabyssisch

hypabyssal phase                               hypoabyssische fase

hypabyssal rock                                 hypabyssisch gesteente

hyperconcentrated flow                        hypergeconcentreerde stroom

hypersthene                                       hypersteen (mineraal)

hypocenter                                         hypocentrum (plaats waar aardbeving ontstaat)

 

 

hypogene rock                                    dieptegesstente

hypogene spring                                 hypogene bron

hypomagma                                       dieptemagma/hypomagma

ice accumulation                                ijsophoping (?)

Ice Age                                              IJstijd

ice cap                                              ijskap

Icelandic eruption                                ???

igneous                                              magmatisch/stollings.../door stolling gevormd

igneous action/activity                         stollingsactiviteit (?)

igneous apatite                                   stollingsgesteenteapatiet

igneous body                                      eruptielichaam/magmatisch lichaam (?)

igneous diapir                                     diapierstollingsgesteente (?)

igneous foliation                                  magmatische foliatie (?)

igneous intrusion                                stollingsdoorbraak (?)

igneous magma                                  ganggesteente

igneous petrology                               stollingspetrologie (?)

igneous process                                 stollingsproces

igneous-related (geothermal) system    magmatisch systeem (?)

igneous rock                                      stollingsgesteente

ignimbrite                                           ignimbriet (laag van as en glasscherven)

ignimbrite deposit                               ignimbrietafzetting/smelttufafzetting (?) (p. 101)

ignimbrite plain                                   ignimbrietvlakte

ignimbrite plateau                               ignimbrietplateau

ignimbrite sheet                                  ???

imbricate                                            dakpansgewijs (liggend)/overlappend

 

 

imbricate (ww)                                    overlappen/dakpansgewijs liggen

imbricated                                          overlappend/dakpansgewijs (liggend)

imbricated volcano                              dakpansgewijs gelaagde vulkaan

imbrication                                         dakpasgewijze ligging/overlapping

inactive                                              niet actief/slapend (van vulkaan)

inbreak crater                                     putkrater/instortingskrater

incandesce                                        gloeien

incandescence                                   gloeiing/gloeihitte

incandescent                                      (rood)gloeiend (van lava)

incandescent ash flow                         hete tufstroom

incandescent detritus                          gloeiende uitwerpselen

incandescent pumice flow                    hete tufstroom

incandescent tuff flow                          hete tufstroom

inclination                                          helling/glooiing/hellingspercentage

incline                                                helling/glooing

incline (ww)                                        hellen

inclined bedding                                  hellende gelaagdheid

inclined stratum/strata                         hellende laag/lagen

inclinometer                                       helling(s)meter/clinometer

increase of vapo(u)r tension                 dampdrukverhoging

incrustation                                        ??? (p. 104)

incrustation product                            ??? (p. 104)

Indian Plate                                        Indiaplaat/Indische plaat (?)

indirect eruption                                  indirecte eruptie

Indoaustralian plate                             Indoaustralische plaat

indurated                                            ???

inflated                                               ??? (zie 1272)

infrared radiation                                 infraroodstraling

injection of magma                              injectie van magma

in molten state                                   in gesmolten toestand

inner arc                                            binnenboog

inner core                                           binnenkern (van de aarde)

inner crust (van koepel)                       ???; ook van de aarde (?)

inner mantle                                       binnemantel (van aarde)

in quiescence                                     in ruststadium/slapend

in repose                                            in ruststaium/slapend

inSAR                                                interferometric synthetic aperture radar     ???

inset                                                  inzet/fenokrist/eersteling (mineralogie)

intensity                                             intensiteit (b.v. van aardbeving)

intercrateral downfall                           afstorting in de krater

interferometer                                     interferentiemeter/interferometer

interferometric synthetic aperture radar ???

 

 

interferometry                                     interferometrie

interformational sheet                          laaggang (?)

interfluent                                           ???

interfluent lava flow                              onderaardse uitvloeiing van lava

intermediate                                       ??? (m.b.t. stollingsgesteenten)

 

 

intermediate gas phase                       (intermediaire) gasfase

intermediate depression                      intermediare depressie

intermediate magma                           ???

intermittent                                         intermitterend

intermittent hot spring                         ??? (p. 106)

intermittent volcano                             ??? (vulkaan die op gezette tijden actief is) (korter ?)

internal avalanche                               afstorting in de krater

intersect                                            ??? (b.v. Rio Grande Rift intersect            ???)

intersecting craters                             ??? (1442           p. 108)

intersection                                        ??? (b.v. van twee zones)

interstitial material                              ??? (p. 94)

interstitial volume                                ??? (p 98)

interval                                               interval (tussen uitbarstingen)

intraplate ...                                        intraplaat.../tussen de platen

intraplate deformation                          intraplaatdeformatie

intraplate volcanism                            intraplaatvulkanisme

intratelluric                                         ??? (iets i.v.m. magma)

intrusion                                             intrusie

intrusive                                             intrusief

intrusive body                                     intrusief lichaam

intrusive dome                                    intrusieve koepel/intrusiekoepel (?)

intrusive phase                                   inpersingsfase

intrusive rock                                      intrusiegesteente

intrusive sheet                                    intrusieplaat/laaggang (?)

intumescence of lava                           zwelkoepel

inversion of relief                                 ???

iron                                                    ijzer

iron oxide                                           ijzeroxide

iron sulphide                                       ijzersulfide

irruptive rock                                       dieptegesteente

island arc                                           eilandboog

island-arc volcano                               eilandboogvulkaan

island chain                                        eilandketen

island volcano                                     vulkaaneiland

 

 

isostasy                                             isostasie (evenwicht in de bovenste mantel van aardkorst)

isotope                                              isotoop

isotope geology                                  isotopengeologie

jeremejevite                                        jeremejewiet (mineraal)

jet                                                     straal

jet of ash                                            ??? (p. 90)

joint                                                   diaklaas (spleet zonder dislocatie) (?)

jointing                                               klieving (van gesteente)

jökulhlaup (IJslands woord)                  idem/glestsjerlahar/ijskapontploffing

Juan de Fuca plate                             Juan de Fuca-plaat

Jaun de Fuca ridge                             Juan de Fuca-rug

Jurassic                                             het Jura

jurassic                                              Jura...

juvenile                                              juveniel (?) (m.b.t. pyroclastisch materiaal)

juvenile (pyroclastic) ejecta                  autogene efflata; juveniele pyroclastica

juvenile gas                                        juveniel gas

juvenile lava                                        juveniel lava (?)

juvenile water                                      juveniel water

kaolin(e)                                             kaolien( wit, zacht kleimineraal)

K-Ar dating                                         ???

kimberlite                                           kimberliet (stollingsgesteente)

kimberlite pipe                                    kimberlietpijp

kinetic eruptive capacity/energy           kinetische uitbarstingsenergie

 

 

kipuka                                               kipuka/lavavenster (Hawaiiaans woord voor stuk land

dat omringd is door lava(stromen)

Konide (D.)                                         idem (?) (kegelberg ?)

Konihomate (D.)                                 idem (?) (kegel met brede platte top)

Krafft, Katia en Maurice                       twee Franse vulkanologen, kwamen om

in pyroclastische stroom van de Unzen-vulkaan in 1991

labradorite                                          labradoriet/labradoorsteen

laccolith/laccolite                                de laccoliet (massa stollingsgesteente) (?)

laccolithic/laccolitic                             laccolitisch (?)

lacrustine tuff                                      ???

lahar                                                  1            lahar (modderstroom ontstaan door vermenging van vulkanische deeltjes

en water); 2                                        lahar (afzetting gevormd door deze modderstroom)

(Indonesisch woord)

lahar deposit                                      laharafzetting

lahar flow                                           lahar(stroom) (of alleen lahar ?)

lahar runout flow                                 ???

laid down                                           afgezet (?) (van deposit) (p. 100)

lamination                                          laminatie

landform                                             land(schaps)vorm

Landsat                                             idem (groep satellieten)

landslide/landslip                                aardverschuiving (beweging bergafwaarts van een massa gesteente onder invloed van de zwaartekracht)

lapilli (mv; enk                                    lapillo)     lapilli (vulkanische sintels)

lapilli tuff                                            lapillituf

larderellite                                          larderelliet (mineraal)

laug (m.v.                                           laugar) (IJslands woord)   thermale bron/therme

lauoho-o-pele                                      zie Pele's hair)

late (or decadent) type of volcanic activity)          ??? (p. 87)

lateral blast                                        zijwaartse ontploffing (?)

 

 

lateral cone                                        adventiefkegel/parasitische kegel

 

lateral crater                                       nevenkrater/adventiefkrater/parasitaire krater

lateral eruption (?)                               laterale eruptie

lateral fissure (?)                                 laterale spleet

lateral nuée ardente                            ???

late-stage volcanic activity                   laat-vulkanische fase (?)(p. 105)

late-volcanic phase                             laat-vulkanische fase (?)

latiumite                                             latiumiet (mineraal)

lava                                                   lava (magma of gesmolten gesteente dat het aardoppervlak bereikt

en blootgesteld wordt aan lucht of water; lava komt voor als stromen, zuilen, deeltjes in kegels van vulkanen en als kussenlava op de zeebodem)

lava ball                                             lavabal

lava bed                                             lavabank

lava bleb/blob                                     lavaklodder (?)

lava block                                           lavablok

lava bomb           lavabom

lava butte                                           ???

lava cap                                             geen officiële term; de 'cap' is een soort kurk of dop

die de kraterpijp afsluit

lava cascade                                      lavaval

lava cauldron                                      lavameerkrater

lava cave/lava cavern                           lavagrot/lavahol

lava clot                                             lavaklodder

lava colonnade                                    lavaorgel

lava column                                        lavakolom

lava conduit                                        lavatunnel (?)

lava cone                                           lavakegel

lava cupula                                         lavadom/tholoïde/cumulovulkaan

lava current                                        lavastroom

lava cone                                           lavakegel

lava debris                                          lavapuin

lava delta                                           lavadelta

lava desert                                         lavaveld/lavavlakte

lava diversion                                      lava-omleiding (om een stad heen bijvoorbeeld)

lava dome                                          lavadome/tholoïde/cumulovulkaan

lava dome with tongue-like offshoot       lavadome met tongvormige uitloper

lava drainage                                      ??? (p. 96)

lava droplet                                         lavadruppel

lava effusion                                       lava-uitstroom

lava eruption                                       lava-uitbarsting

 

lava fall                                              ???

lava field                                             lavaveld/lavavlakte

lava flag                                             ??? (in lava tube)

lava flood                                            lavavloed

lava flow                                             lavastroom (lava die als stroom wordt uitgestoten over land

vanuit een uitlaat of spleet; voorbeelden van lavastromen zijn

aa- en pahoehoe-lavastromen)

lava flow(s) plain                                 ???

lava flow(s) plateau                              ???

lava-flow coast                                    kust met lavastromen (korter ?)

lava fountain                                       lavafontein

lava-fountaining                                   lava-uitvloeiing (?)

lava fragment                                      lavadeeltje

lava glass                                           lavaglas

lava lake                                            lavameer

lava layer                                           lavalaag

lava levée                                           oeverwal van lava

lava mass                                          lavamassa

lava overflow                                       ??? (1471           p. 110)

lava particle                                        lavadeeltje

lava pellet                                           lapilli

lava pit                                               lavameerkrater

lava plain                                            lavaveld/lavavlakte

lava plateau                                        lavaveld/lavavlakte/lavaplateau

lava pool                                            lavameer

lava pond                                           lavameer

lava plug                                            neck/eruptiefzuil

lava-plugged vent                                ???

lava push                                           lavahelling

lava rag                                              lavaklodder

lava ring                                             lavaring

lava river                                             lavastroom

lava rock                                            lavasteen

lava scarp                                          lavahelling

lava scratches                                    lavakrassen

lava sheet                                          lavadek/lavaplaat

lava sheeth                                         lavakoker

lava shield                                          ??? ("shield volcano made of basaltic lava")

lava slab                                            ???

lava spatters                                       ??? (p. 95)

lava stalactite                                     lavastalaktiet

 

 

lava stalagmite                                   lavastalagmiet

lava stopple                                        lavaprop (in kraterpijp)

lava stream                                        lavastroom

lava toadstool                                     lavakurk

lava toe                                              lava-uitloper

lava tongue                                         lavatong

lava tower                                           lavatoren

lava tree (tree mold)                            ???

lava tree-cast/lava tree-mold                 lavaholte met stamafdruk (korter ?)

lava tube                                            lavatunnel

lava tube cavern                                  ??? (p. 90)

lava tunnel                                          lavatunnel

lava type                                            lavasoort/lavatype

lava upheaval                                      zwelkoepel

lava volcaono                                      lavavulkaan

lava wave                                           ??? (p. 96)

lavenite                                              laveniet (mineraal)

layer cake ... (b.v layer cake rocks)      geen officiële term;

je kunt het vertalen met 'gelaagd´

layer of lava                                        lavalaag

layer silicate                                       phyllosilikaat

lenses of glass (fiamme)                      ??? (p. 101)

leucite                                               leuciet (mineraal)

 

 

leucolitic fumarole                               leucolitische fumarole

levée                                                  ??? (zelfde als ribbe)

level/levelling instrument                      waterpas(instrument)/landmeterswaterpas; hoogteverschilmeter

levelling pole/rod/staff                          landmeetstok

level of explosion                                explosieniveau

levyne                                                levyn (mineraal)

LIDAR (ligth detecting and ranging)       LIDAR (laser-techniek om aanwezigheid

van fijne deeltjes of aërosolen te meten)

life cycle                                            levenscyclus (van vulkaan)

lifted block                                         ??? (ivm block mountains)

limu/Limu o Pele (Pele's Seaweed)       ??? (basaltische glasscherven)

lineament                                           ???  

linear                                                 lineair

linear arrangement (of volcanoes)         ??? (1448           p. 109)

linear dike                                          ???

linear rift                                             ???

linear vent                                          lijnvormige opening (?)

line of weakness/line of rupture            ??? (i.v.m. stijgend magma en aardkorst)

 

 

lip                                                      rand (b.v. van krater)

liparite                                               lipariet (zelfde als ryoliet)

liquid phase (of the earth)                    ???

liquid lava                                           vloeibare lava

liquid rock                                          vloeibaar gesteente

lithic                                                  lithisch/m.b.t. lithium/lithium...; lithisch/m.b.t. steen/steen...

lithic clast                                          ??? (zelfde als lithoclast ?)

lithic-crystal tuff                                  ??? (geen vertaling gegeven)

lithic particles                                     ???

lithic tuff                                             lithische tuf

lithify      verstenen (?)

lithoclast                                            allogene/niet-juveniele uitwerpselen (?)

lithosphere                                         lithosfeer (vaste buitenste schil van de aarde die is samengesteld uit de aardkorst, en de vaste buitenste laag van de mantel; de lithosfeer ligt boven de asthenosfeer en op de lithosfeer liggen de platen)

lithology                                             lithologie

lithospheric                                        lithosferisch

lithospheric plate                                lithosferische plaat

lithostatic                                           lithostatisch

lithostatic pressure                             lithostatische druk

lithostratigraphy                                  lithostratigrafie (beschrijving van geologische lagen)

littoral                                                litoraal/aan de kust/tot de kust behorend (?)

 

 

littoral cone                                        litorale kegel (?)/aan de kust gevormde kegel

littoral zone                                        litorale zone

live volcano                                         actieve vulkaan

lobe of lava                                         lavatong

localized pressure rise                        ??? (p. 95)

lode                                                   ertsader

loess                                                 löss

long period earthquake                        lange-periodeaardbeving/LP-aardbeving

long period swarm                               lange-periodezwerm/LP-zwerm (i.v.m. aardbevingen)

lopolith                                               lopoliet (gesteente)

lower mantle                                       binnenmantel (van aardkorst)

Lower Paleozoic                                 Onder-Paleozoïcum

low-explosivity                                    ???

low velocity channel/layer/zone            lagesnelheidslaag (in de aardkorst)

LP earthquake (long period earthquake)  lange-periodeaardbeving/LP-aardbeving

LP swarm (long period swarm)             lange-periodezwerm/LP-zwerm (i.v.m. aardbevingen)

luminous phenomena                          ??? (tijdens vulkanische explosie) (p. 87)

luster                                                 glans (van gesteente) (?)

maar                                                  maar/mare/explosiemeer (Duits woord voor een haast zuiver ronde krater,

gewoonlijk gevuld met (regen)water)

maccaluba                                         moddervulkaan/slijkvulkaan/slikvulkaan

macroscopic(al)                                  macroscopisch

mafic                                                 mafisch

mafic mineral                                      mafische mineraal

 

 

mafic rock                                          mafisch gesteente

mafic vent                                          ???

mafic volcano                                     mafische vulkaan

 

 

magma                                              het magma (zeer heet gesmolten gesteente, gevormd in het binnenste

van de aarde door het gedeeltelijk smelten van de mantel)

(in het Engels meervoud                      magmas ?, ook gezien    a magma          een magma ?)

magma body                                      magmalichaam

magma chamber                                 magmakamer (kamer (grot of reservoir) in de lithosfeer

waarin stijgend magma zich verzamelt en langere of kortere tijd aanwezig blijft)

magma channel                                  magmakanaal

magma column                                   magmazuil

magma dike                                       magmadike

magma dome                                     ??? (magmadome/magmaprop ?)

magma flow                                        magmastroom

magma fluid (?)                                   magmavloeistof

magma injection                                 magma-injectie

magma intrusion                                 magma-intrusie

magma lake                                       magmameer

magma lens                                       magmalens

magma production                              magmaproductie

magma reservoir                                 magmareservoir

 

 

magma rise                                        stijging van magma

magma system                                  magmatisch systeem

magmatic                                           magmatisch

magmatic activity                                magmatische activiteit

magmatic arc                                     eilandboog

magmatic assemblage                        ??? (1457           p. 109)

magmatic column                               magmazuil/magmakolom

magmatic eruption                              magmatische eruptie

magmatic extrusion                            magmatische extrusie

magmatic gas                                    magmatisch gas

magmatic intrusion                             magmatische intrusie

 

 

magmatic phase                                 magmatische fase

magmatic pressure                             magmatische druk

magmatic residue                               ??? (p.89)

magmatic rock                                   stollingsgesteente

magma source                                   magmabron

magmatic steam                                 magmatisch stoom

magmatic system                               magmatisch systeem

magmatic water                                  magmatisch water

 

 

magmatism                                        magmatisme

magma type                                       magmatype/magmasoort

magnesium                                        magnesium

magnetic anomaly                              magnetische anomalie

mafnetic declination                            magnetische declinatie

magnetic field                                     magnetisch veld

magnetic measurement                       ???

magnetic polarity                                magnetische polariteit (b.v. van stollingsgesteente)

magnetic pole                                     ??? (van stollingsgesteente)

magnetite                                           magnetiet/magneetsteen

magnetometer                                    magnetometer

magnitude                                          magnitude (i.v.m. aardbeving) (bv. magnitude 5 is vijf

op de schaal van Richter)

main cone                                          hoofdkegel (?)

main crater                                         hoofdkrater

 

 

main extrusive phase                          ??? (p. 103)

main shield (of a volcano)                    ???

main phase                                        ??? (van uitbarsting)

main state                                          ??? (ivm uitbarsting)

main vent                                           hoofduitlaat/hoofdopening (?)

malpaís                                              lava-steenwoestijn

mantle                                               (aard)mantel (de zones tussen aardkorst en kern)

mantle hot spot                                  ???

mantle material                                   mantelmateriaal/materiaal uit de mantel

mantle of ash                                     asdek (over het landschap)

mantle of scoriae                                slakkenschede

mantle plume                                     mantelpluim

mantle plume magma (?)                     mantelpluimmagma

mantle rock                                        mantelgesteente

MAR (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) mid-atlantische rug

margarite                                           margariet/kalkglimmer (gesteente)

marine (bn)                                         marien

marine erosion                                    mariene erosie

mass of lava                                       lavamassa

mass of mud                                      moddermassa

 

 

mathematical geology                         wiskundige geologie

matrix                                                matrix/grondmassa

M-discontinuity                                   zie Moho

mechanism of the eruption                   mechanisme van de uitbarsting

medial moraine                                   middenmorene

median valley                                     rift(dal)

melilite                                               meliliet (mineraal)

melt                                                   smelt (hoeveelheid gesmolten massa) (in het Nederlands geen meervoud);

smelting/smeltproces; smelt/het smelten

melt (ww)                                           smelten; doen smelten

meltage                                             hoeveelheid gesmolten massa/smelt; smelting/smeltproces

melted                                               gesmolten

melting                                              opsmelting

melting point                                      smeltpunt

melting temperature                            smelttemperatuur

melts                                                 gesmolten massa/smelt (geen meervoud in het Nederlands)

melt water                                          smeltwater (b.v. van gletsjer)

member                                             member (lithostratgrafische eenheid)

mercury                                             kwik

mesa (Spaans)                                   tafelrand (plateau met steile rotswanden)

mesolite                                             mesoliet (mineraal)

mesoscopic                                       mesoscopisch (formaat)

mesosphere                                       mesosfeer (deel van de dampkring)

Mesozoic (period)                               het Mesozoïcum

mesosoic (bn)                                    mesozoïsch

metal(s)                                             metaal/metalen

metallic                                              metaalhoudend

metal sulphide                                    metaalsulfide

metamorphic                                      metamorf (b.v. van gesteente of sediment)

metamorphic belt                                metamorfe zone

metamorphic rock                               metamorf gesteente

metamorphism                                   metamorfose

metamorphosed                                  gemetamorfoseerd

meteoric water                                    meteorisch water

methane                                            methaan

mica                                                  mica/glimmer (mineraalgroep)

mica group                                         de micagroep (?)

microcrystalline                                  microkristallijn

micro earthquake                                microaardbeving

 

microspherulitic                                  ??? (p. 94)

microtopography                                 microtopografie

Mid-Atlantic ridge                                mid-atlantische rug

Mid-Ocean(ic) ridge                             mid-oceanische rug

mineral                                              mineraal

mineralogic                                        mineralogisch

mineral composition                            ??? (p. 93)

mineral formation                                mineraalvorming

mineralization                                     mineralisatie/verstening

mineralize                                          mineraliseren

mineralogist                                       mineraloog

mineralogy                                         mineralogie

mineral ores                                       mineraalertsen

mineral resources                               bodemschatten

mineral salt                                        mineraalzout (?)

 

mining transit                                     transietinstrument

Minoan caldera                                   Minoïsche caldera

Minoan deposits                                 Minoïsche afzettingen

Minoan eruption                                  Minoïsche uitbarsting/eruptie

Minoan explosion                                Minoïsche explosie

minor cone                                         adventiefkegel/parasitische kegel

Miocene                                             het Mioceen

miocene (bn)                                      van/uit het Mioceen

Mississippian                                     het Mississipien/Onder-Carboon

Mississippian (bn)                               van/m.b.t. het Mississipien/Onder-Carboon

mixed avalanche                                 gemengde afstortingslawine

 

 

mixed eruption                                    gemengde uitbarsting

moat                                                  ringdal

 

 

mobile                                               ??? (b.v. van hete as) (p. 103)

mobility                                              ??? (p. 103)

moderate explosion                             ???